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针对冶炼厂在两段逆流氧压浸出湿法炼锌工艺流程中镓回收率不高的问题，采用XRD、SEM-EDS与ICP-AES对工艺流程中各阶段溶液及渣物相进行分析，对预中和、锌粉置换过程影响镓回收率低的机理进行探究。结果表明，一段浸出液预中和过程中由于酸度过低导致镓与黄钾铁矾或铅黄钾铁矾共沉淀的现象是导致镓损失的原因。在锌粉置换过程中，单纯依靠锌粉提高pH无法使镓完全沉淀。据此提出在预中和过程中通过将预中和终点酸度控制为6 g/L,反应时间1 h,反应温度85℃,以避免镓损失；在置换阶段采用先中和再置换的方法：先使用优质氧化锌7 g/L进行中和反应1 h,然后加入锌粉3 g/L反应1 h,反应温度85℃。经优化后，镓沉淀率可达100%。
Abstract：Address to low recovery rates of gallium in the process of zinc hydrometallurgy by two-stage countercurrent oxygen pressure leaching in a smelter, XRD,SEM-EDS and ICP-AES were used to analyze the solutions and residues phases at each stage of the process, and the mechanism of the influence of pre-neutralization and zinc powder replacement on the low gallium recovery was investigated.The results show that the co-precipitation of gallium with jarosite or plumbojarosite due to the low acidity during the pre-neutralization of the primary leaching solution is the cause of gallium loss.In the process of zinc powder replacement, gallium cannot be precipitated completely by increasing pH value only by zinc powder.It is suggested that the acidity of the end point of the pre-neutralization is controlled to 6 g/L,the reaction time is one hour, and the reaction temperature is 85 ℃ to avoid gallium loss during the pre-neutralization process.In the replacement stage, the method of first neutralization and then replacement is adopted: 7 g/L high-quality zinc oxide is used for neutralization reaction for one hour, and then 3 g/L zinc powder is added for reaction for one hour at 85 ℃.After optimization, the precipitation rate of gallium can reach 100%.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2024.10.009
中图分类号:TF813
引用信息:
[1]侯树梁,滕年高,饶帅,等.加压湿法炼锌过程中镓的富集[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2024(10):72-80.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-7545.2024.10.009.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52304365,52104395,42277220); 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2903604,2021YFC2902602); 广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2023A1515030145,2023A1515011847); 广东省科学院优秀青年基金资助项目(2023GDASQNRC-0206)
2024-01-24
2024
2024-02-06
2024-02-06
2024
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2024-09-24
2024-09-24