| 1,339 | 36 | 64 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
我国固体废物的历史堆存量与年新增量均居世界首位,固体废物的减量化、资源化、无害化利用处置,是关乎新时代我国生态文明建设的“国之大者”。由于管理起步较晚,我国固体废物利用处置仍面临相关法律法规不够完善、技术设备支撑较弱、市场化集中度较低、重要性认识有待提高等问题。在梳理我国固体废物利用处置相关政策、技术路径及行业发展现状的基础上,针对现存主要问题提出了相应对策建议。
Abstract:China′s solid waste stockpile and annual increment rank first in the world.The reduction, recycling, and harmless utilization and disposal of solid waste are related to the construction of ecological civilization in China in the new era.Due to the late start of solid waste management, the current solid waste utilization and disposal still faces problems such as imperfect relevant laws and regulations, weak technical equipment support, low market concentration, and low awareness of importance.On the basis of combing the relevant policies, technical paths and industry development status of solid waste utilization and disposal in China, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the existing main problems were put forward.
[1] 赵慈,宋晓聪,矫云阳,等.我国固体废物污染防治战略路径研析[J].环境保护,2021,49(24):52-55.ZHAO C,SONG X C,JIAO Y Y,et al.Research on the strategy path of solid waste pollution prevention and control in China[J].Environmental Protection,2021,49(24):52-55.
[2] 王海北,邹小平,谢铿,等.典型固废资源化与无害化处置技术[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2022(9):1-8.WANG H B,ZOU X P,XIE K,et al.Technologies of recycling and harmless treatment for typical solid wastes[J].Nonferrous Metals (Extractive Metallurgy),2022(9):1-8.
[3] 张增强.固体废弃物的资源化处理[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2020.ZHANG Z Q.Recycling treatment of solid waste[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press,2020.
[4] 李干杰.开展“无废城市”建设试点提高固体废物资源化利用水平[J].中华环境,2019(2):13-14.LI G J.Carry out the pilot project of “waste free city” construction to improve the level of solid waste recycling[J].China Environment,2019(2):13-14.
[5] 杜祥琬,钱易,陈勇,等.我国固体废物分类资源化利用战略研究[J].中国工程科学,2017,19(4):27-32.DU X W,QIAN Y,CHEN Y et al.A study on the classification and resource utilization of solid waste in China[J].Strategic Study of Academy of Engineering,2017,19(4):27-32.
[6] 全国人民代表大会常务委员会执法检查组关于检查《中华人民共各国固体废物污染环境防治法》实施情况的报告[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202110/20dcb8233e69453a988eb86a281a2db1.shtml,2021-10-15.Report of the Law Enforcement Inspection Team of the Standing Committee of the National People′s Congress on the inspection of the implementation of the Law of the People′s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202110/20dcb8233e69453a988eb86a281a2db1.shtml,2021-10-15.
[7] 国务院关于研究处理全国人大常委会固体废物污染环境防治法执法检查报告及审议意见情况的报告[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202206/36c831fd5f524a828411ca033426ef20.shtml,2022-6-22.Report of the State Council on the study and treatment of the inspection report on the Law Enforcement of the Standing Committee of the National People′s Congress on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste and the review opinions [EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202206/36c831fd5f524a828411ca033426ef20.shtml,2022-6-22.
[8] 徐鹏翔,王越,杨军香,等.好氧堆肥中通风工艺与参数研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(11):2403-2408.XU P X,WANG Y,YANG J X,et al.Advances in ventilation systems and parameter choices during aerobic composting[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2018,37(11):2403-2408.
[9] AWASTHI S K,LIU T,AWASTHI M K,et al.Evaluation of biochar amendment on heavy metal resistant bacteria abundance in biosolids compost[J].Bioresource Technology,2020,306:123114.DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123114.
[10] LI L,YUAN S J,CAI C,et al.Developing “precise-acting” strategies for improving anaerobic methanogenesis of organic waste:insights from the electron transfer system of syntrophic partners[J].Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering,2022,16(6):91-94.
[11] HAN L J,LI J S,XUE Q,et al.Bacterial-induced mineralization (BIM) for soil solidification and heavy metal stabilization:a critical review[J].Science of the Total Environment,2020,746:140967.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140967.
[12] 李娟,郑海涛,李金香,等.基于生命周期评价的城市生活垃圾焚烧过程环境影响研究[J].环境污染与防治,2022,44(9):1209-1215.LI J,ZHEGN H T,LI J X,et al.Research on environment impact of municipal domestic waste incineration process based on life cycle assessment[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2022,44(9):1209-1215.
[13] 张亚.垃圾焚烧发电自动控制系统的研究与实现[J].电子乐园,2022(9):1673-4653.ZHANG Y.Research and implementation of automatic control system for garbage incineration power generation[J].Electronic Paradise,2022(9):1673-4653.
[14] YE H D,LI Q,YU H D,et al.Pyrolysis behaviors and residue properties of iron-rich rolling sludge form steel smelting[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2022,19:2152.DOI:10.3390/ijerph19042152.
[15] 柳培文,徐小刚,吴玥.催化剂对废轮胎热解特性影响研究[J].环境卫生工程,2020,28(6):66-70.LIU P W,XU X G,WU Y.Study on the effect of catalyst on pyrolysis characteristics of waste tire[J].Environmental Sanitation Engineering,2020,28(6):66-70.
[16] 张浩.有机固体废弃物热解行为研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2022.ZHANG H.Study on pyrolysis behavior of organic solid wastes[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2022.
[17] 徐亚,孙淑娜,王琪,等.固废填埋长期环境安全和寿命预测研究综述[J].中国环境科学,2022,42(4):1954-1962.XU Y,SUN S N,WANG Q,et al.Research status and prospect of long-term environmental safety and life prediction of solid waste landfill[J].China Environmental Science,2022,42(4):1954-1962.
[18] 刘彦君,杨惠媛,刘宏,等.生活垃圾填埋场覆盖膜破损及其环境影响[J].中国环境检测,2022,38(3):170-174.LIU Y J,YANG H Y,LIU H,et al.Leakages of cover film in domestic waste landfill and its environmental impact[J].Environmental Monitoring in China,2022,38(3):170-174.
[19] 吴小雯,王丰,李洵,等.多功能区固废填埋场建设案例分析[J].环境卫生工程,2021,29(4):104-110.WANG X W,WANG F,LI X,et al.Case analysis on solid waste landfill construction on multifunctional area[J].Environmental Sanitation Engineering,2021,29(4):104-110.
[20] 王建斌,陈云,王可华,等.工业窑炉协同处置固体废物研究进展[J].化工进展,2022,41(3):1494-1502.WANG J B,CHEN Y,WANG K H,et al.Co-processing of solid waste in industrial kilns:a review[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2022,41(3):1494-1502.
[21] 国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016—2022.National Bureau of Statistics.China statistical yearbook:[M].Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016—2022.
[22] 生态环境部.2021年中国生态环境统计年报[R].北京:生态环境部,2023.Ministry of Ecology and Environment.2021 China ecological environment statistical annual report[R].Beijing:Ministry 2016-2022of Ecology and Environment,2023.
[23] 生态环境部.2021年中国生态环境状况公报[R].北京:生态环境部,2022.Ministry of Ecology and Environment.2021 China ecological environment bulletin[R].Beijing:Ministry of Ecology and Environment,2022.
[24] 我国建筑垃圾产量日趋严重但资源化利用率不高专家建议建筑垃圾资源化利用亟须专项立法[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202009/b6685c3a43a74ce99433cbfb5a020f05.shtml,2020-09-24.China′s construction waste production is becoming increasingly serious,but the resource utilization rate is not high.Experts suggest that special legislation is urgently needed for the resource utilization of construction waste[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202009/b6685c3a43a74ce99433cbfb5a020f05.shtml,2020-09-24.
[25] 生态环境部.全文实录-固体废物污染环境防治法执法检查报告专题询问[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].https://www.mee.gov.cn/ywdt/zbft/202110/t20211026_957780.shtml,2021-10-25.Ministry of Ecology and Environment.Special inquiry on the inspection report on the enforcement of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].https://www.mee.gov.cn/ywdt/zbft/202110/t20211026_957780.shtml,2021-10-25.
[26] 人民资讯.我国固体废物处置行业将整体进入成熟期[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1699974557676887478&wfr=spider&for=pc,2021-5-17.People′s Information.China′s solid waste disposal industry will enter a mature period as a whole[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1699974557676887478&wfr=spider&for=pc,2021-5-17.
[27] 国家发展改革委员会.城镇生活垃圾分类和处理设施补短板弱强项实施方案[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-08/08/5533296/files/9812d6d995ad4680ba83434f1fc20350.pdf,2020-8-8.National Development and Reform Commission.Implementation plan for shortcomings and weaknesses of urban domestic waste classification and treatment facilities[EB/OL].[2023-03-01].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-08/08/5533296/files/9812d6d995ad4680ba83434f1fc20350.pdf,2020-8-8.
[28] 牟思宇,谢宇斌.我国废旧动力电池回收利用的发展现状、存在问题及对策建议[J].有色金属工程,2022,12(12):153-158.MOU S Y,XIE Y B.Current status,existing problems and development suggestions for recycling and utilization of waste power batteries[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering,2022,12(12):153-158.
[29] 中国标准化研究院资源与环境分院.工业固体废物综合利用亟需标准规范和支撑[J].江西建材,2022(1):249-250.China National Institute of Standardization Resources and Environment Branch.Comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste urgently needs standards to regulate and support[J].Jiangxi Building Materials,2022(1):249-250.
基本信息:
中图分类号:X705
引用信息:
[1]牟思宇,谢宇斌,杨箫滢.我国固体废物利用处置现状与对策研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2023(09):1-10.
2023-08-24
2023-08-24