| 345 | 4 | 33 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
对"南海Ⅰ号"宋代沉船出水部分铜器样品(包括北宋铜钱等)采用XRD、SEM-EDS、金相显微分析等方法进行表征,并结合文献考证,从冶金学和化学的角度对南海Ⅰ号出水铜器样品的材质、制作工艺、腐蚀产物等问题进行探讨。结果表明,铜环、铜片、铜钱三类铜器的材质为铜锡铅三元合金,锡、铅含量存在差异,且存在较多硫化物夹杂。制作技术均为铸造而成,其中钱币铸造可能采用的是翻砂工艺。铜器腐蚀产物组成为石英(SiO2)、辉铜矿(Cu_2S)、文石(CaCO3)、铁橄榄石[Fe2(SiO4)]、白铅矿(PbCO3)、孔雀石[Cu2(OH)_2CO3]等,具有缺氧环境下铜器腐蚀产物的特点。
Abstract：Copper samples of the Nanhai No.Ⅰ shipwreck in the Song Dynasty(including the Northern Song copper coins,etc.)were characterized by XRD,SEM-EDS,and metallurgical microscope.Material,manufacturing process,corrosion products and other issues of Nanhai No.Ⅰeffluent copper samples were discussed from perspective of metallurgy and chemistry combined with literature research.The results show that copper ring,copper strip and copper coin are made of copper tin lead ternary alloy,and content of tin and lead is different,and there are many sulfide inclusions.Technology of making is all casting,among which coin casting may adopt technology of sand-casting.Corrosion products of copper ware are composed of quartz(SiO2),chalcocite(Cu2 S),aragonite(CaCO3),forsterite [Fe2(SiO4)],galena(PbCO3),and malachite [Cu2(OH)_2CO3],etc.,which have characteristics of corrosion products of copper ware in anoxic environment.
[1]王瑜．宋代的铜钱出口—兼谈泉州发掘的宋船铜钱[J]．海交史研究，1978:54-57.WANG Y.The export of copper cash in Song Dynasty[J].Journal of Maritime History Studies,1978:54-57.
[2]水上正胜，阿祥．志海苔出土古钱的金属成份[J]．中国钱币，1985(3):17-27.SHUISHANG Z S,A X.Metal composition of ancient coins unearthed from moss[J].China Numismatics,1985(3):17-27.
[3]戴志强，王体鸿．北宋铜钱金属成份试析[J]．中国钱币，1985(3):7-16.DAI Z Q,WANG T H.Analysis of metal composition of copper coins in Northern Song Dynasty[J].China Numismatics,1985(3):7-16.
[4]赵匡华，华觉明，张宏礼．北宋铜钱化学成分剖析及夹锡钱初探[J]．自然科学史研究，1986(3):229-246.ZHAO K H,HUA J M,ZHANG H L.Chemical composition analysis of copper coins in Northern Song Dynasty[J].Studies in the History of Natural Sciences,1986(3):229-246.
[5]华觉明，张宏礼．宋代铸钱工艺研究[J]．自然科学史研究，1988(1):38-47.HUA J M,ZHANG H L.A study of coin casting technology in Song Dynasty[J].Studies in the History of Natural Sciences,1988(1):38-47.
[6]郑家相．历代铜质货币冶铸法简说[J]．文物，1959(4):68-70.ZHENG J X.On the smelting and casting methods of copper currency in the past dynasties[J].Cultural Relics,1959(4):68-70.
[7]陈玉云，李仲达，李克敏．宋代铜钱的金相分析[J]．自然科学史研究，1988(1):48-53.CHEN C Y,LI Z D,LI K M.Metallographic analysis of copper coins in Song Dynasty[J].Studies in the History of Natural Sciences,1988(1):48-53.
[8]周卫荣．翻砂工艺—中国古代铸钱业的重大发明[J]．中国钱币，2009(3):14-17,79.ZHOU W R.Casting:A great ancient innovation of Chinese money making technology[J].China Numismatics,2009(3):14-17,79.
[9]杨恒，田兴玲，李乃胜．广东“南澳Ⅰ号”明代沉船出水铜器腐蚀产物分析[J]．中国文物科学研究，2012(3):87-91.YANG H,TIAN X L,LI N S.Corrosion analysis of the copper artifacts salvaged from Ming Dynasty wreck ship at Nan'ao County,Guangdong,China[J].China Cultural Heritage Scientific Research,2012(3):87-91.
[10]MACLEOD I D.Formation of marine concretion on copper and its alloys[J].The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology and Underwater Exploration 1982,11(4):267-275.
[11]MACLEOD I D.Identification of corrosion products on nonferrous metals artifacts recovered from shipwrecks[J].Studies in Conservation,1991(36):222-234.
基本信息:
中图分类号:K876.41
引用信息:
[1]王荣,田兴玲,李秀辉.“南海Ⅰ号”出水部分铜器的科学分析[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2020(10):105-116.
基金信息:
中国文化遗产研究院自主科研基金项目(2019JBKY15)
2020-10-12
2020-10-12