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以废弃铬渣厂及其周边表层土壤为研究对象，采集5个区域土壤样品，运用高通量测序技术，揭示了表层土壤微生物多样性及其环境主要影响因素之间的关系。结果表明，有机质(SOM)、总磷(TP)、速效磷(AP)、速效氮(AN)和铵态氮(NH4~+-N)含量均在下游最高、车间最低。门水平上，Actinobacteria、Proteobacteria、Acidobacteria和Chloroflexi为优势菌种；纲水平上，Alphaproteobacteria、Actinobacteria、Vicinamibacteria、Gemmaproteobacteria和Chloroflexi为优势菌种。总体来看，在重金属与土壤环境因子共同作用下，微生物丰度更倾向于受土壤环境因子的影响，其中TP、硝态氮(NO3~+-N)和大多数重金属元素是微生物变化的主要影响因素；Actinobacteria与大多数重金属具有趋同性，对重金属耐受能力最强；金属元素Pb对细菌的生长繁衍存在一定的选择性，即金属元素的不同对土壤细菌类群的影响有差异。综上，废弃厂区修复治理过程中应考虑营养元素的投入与优势菌种的选择。本文研究加深了对重金属污染土壤微生物的变化及其驱动因子的了解，为废弃铬渣厂受污染的土壤修复提供理论依据。
Abstract：Applying heavy metals in the surface layer soil of abandoned chromium slag plant as research object, the changes of surface soil microorganisms and physical and chemical properties were comprehensively analyzed to provide theoretical basis for remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals in karst areas, as well as the relationship between the environmental factors, through high-throughput sequencing technology analysis.The results show that contents of soil organic matter(SOM),total phosphorus(TP),available phosphorus(AP),available nitrogen(AN) and ammonium nitrogen(NH4~+-N) are the highest in the downstream and the lowest in the workshop.At the phylum level, Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi are the dominant species.At class level, Alphaproteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Vicinamibacteria,Thermoleophilia and Chloroflexi are the dominant species.In general, under the combined action of heavy metals and soil environmental factors, microbial abundance is more likely to be affected by soil environmental factors, and TP,nitrate nitrogen(NO3~+-N) and most heavy metals are the main driving factors of microbial change.Actinobacteria is similar to most heavy metals and has the strongest tolerance to heavy metals.Metal element Pb has certain selectivity to the growth and reproduction of bacteria, that is, different metal elements have different effects on soil bacteria groups.In conclusion, according to different contaminated and different plant areas, input of nutrient elements and selection of dominant strains should be considered in restoration and treatment of abandoned plant areas in karst areas.This study deepens the understanding of changes and driving factors of heavy metal contaminated soil microorganisms, and provides a theoretical basis for remediation of contaminated soil from waste chromium slag plant.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:X53
引用信息:
[1]罗雨虹,朱四喜,夏国栋,等.废弃铬渣厂土壤理化性质对微生物多样性的影响[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2022(06):91-100.
基金信息:
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2807); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(31560107)
2022-05-20
2022-05-20