| 95 | 0 | 122 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
单独采用碳酸钠以及与氢氧化钠复合碱体系对含氯铜基废料熔炼烟尘中氟、氯进行了碱洗研究，并考察了液固体积质量比、碱浓度、搅拌速率、反应时间和温度等参数对此冶炼烟尘脱除氟氯的影响。通过XRF、XRD、ICP、粒度分析和SEM-EDS方法对含氯冶炼烟尘和碱洗渣的物质组成与微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明：单独采用碳酸钠碱洗，在液固体积质量比8∶1、反应温度85℃、碱浓度60 g/L、反应时间2 h和搅拌转速500 r/min的条件下，烟尘中氟和氯的去除率分别为36.23%和84.19%，锌的损失率为0.34%。在保持上述单因素最优液固比、搅拌速率、反应时间及温度条件一致的基础上，采用与氢氧化钠复合碱体系碱洗，最佳水平组合为碳酸钠浓度50 g/L、氢氧化钠浓度20 g/L，此时氟和氯的去除率分别提高至59.04%和97.10%，而锌的损失率仅为0.64%。
Abstract：Alkali washing studies were conducted on fluorine and chlorine removal from chlorine-containing copperbearing solid waste smelting dust using sodium carbonate alone and in combination with sodium hydroxide. The effects of liquid-to-solid ratio, alkali concentration, stirring speed, reaction time, and temperature on fluorine and chlorine removal were systematically investigated. The material composition and microstructural characteristics of high-chlorine copper smelting dust and alkali-leached residues were analyzed via XRF, XRD, ICP, particle size analysis, and SEM-EDS. The results demonstrate that When sodium carbonate alkali washing was used alone, the removal rate of fluorine and chlorine is 36.23% and 84.19% respectively, with a zinc loss rate of 0.34% under the optimal conditions including liquid-to-solid ratio of 8∶1, reaction temperature of 85 ℃, alkali concentration of 60 g/L, stirring speed of 500 r/min, and reaction time of 2 h. When a composite alkali system(sodium carbonate+sodium hydroxide) was applied under the same optimal liquid-to-solid ratio, reaction time, and temperature, the highest removal efficiencies are achieved at sodium carbonate of 50 g/L and sodium hydroxide of 20 g/L. Under these conditions, fluorine and chlorine removal rates are significantly improved to 59.04% and 97.10% respectively, while zinc loss rate is only 0.64%.
[1]杨建平,张岭,张乐如.一种从铜基固废中综合回收有价金属的方法:CN111733325B[P]. 2022-03-11.YANG J P, ZHANG L, ZHANG L R. A method for comprehensive recovery of valuable metals from copper-based solid waste:CN111733325B[P]. 2022-03-11.
[2] SCHLESINGER M E, KING M J, SOLE K C, et al. Extractive metallurgy of copper[M]. 6th ed.[S.l.]:Elsevier, 2022:517-522.
[3]胡一航,王海北,王玉芳.锌冶炼中氟氯的脱除方法[J].矿冶, 2016, 25(1):36-40.HU Y H, WANG H B, WANG Y F. Removal of fluorine and chlorine in zinc extraction process[J]. Mining and Metallurgy,2016, 25(1):36-40.
[4]陈均宁,黄金莲,白盈盈,等.湿法碱洗脱除氧化锌烟尘中的氟氯新工艺[J].有色金属(冶炼部分), 2011(8):9-12.CHEN J N, HUANG J L, BAI Y Y, et al. New process to remove fluorine and chlorine from zinc oxide dust by wet caustic wash[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy), 2011(8):9-12.
[5]孙红燕,孔馨,森维,等.碳酸钠碱洗脱除高铅氧化锌烟尘中的氟氯[J].有色金属(冶炼部分), 2015(1):15-17.SUN H Y, KONG X, SEN W, et al. Removal of fluorine and chlorine from high lead-bearing zinc oxide dust with sodium carbonate wash[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2015(1):15-17.
[6] LIU C H, PENG J H, LI Z Q, et al. Removal of F and Cl from zinc oxide fume from Fuming furnace by microwave roasting[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,2017, 42(4):1413-1418.
[7]吴星琳,林泓富,张恒星,等.氧化锌烟尘焙烧除氟氯强化工艺研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分), 2022(2):21-26.WU X L, LIN H F, ZHANG H X, et al. Study on strengthening process of removal of fluorine and chlorine from zinc oxide dust by roasting[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy),2022(2):21-26.
[8]孟玲菊,王艳,李平.多膛炉产氧化锌烟灰碱洗脱氟氯实验研究[J].矿产综合利用, 2023(1):182-184, 203.MENG L J, WANG Y, LI P. Study on fluorine chlorine removal from zinc oxide fume of multiple-hearth burner by alkali cleaning[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,2023(1):182-184, 203.
[9] WANG X X, LI J H, SUN P, et al. Removing fluorine and chlorine from zinc oxide dust by wet alkaline washing and studying fluorine occurrence states[J]. International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering, 2025, 22(12):1459-1467.
[10] DONG Q F, HE J Y, ZHANG C B, et al. A new process of chlorine deep removal in zinc sulfate by highly active copper from copper slag[J]. JOM, 2024, 76(7):3905-3916.
[11]李永凤,姜勇,张特,等.湿法炼锌中氧化锌烟尘碱洗脱氟氯的实践研究[J].中国矿业, 2025, 34(增刊1):560-565.LI Y F, JIANG Y, ZHANG T, et al. Practical research on fluorine and chlorine removal from zinc oxide dust by alkali washing in hydrometallurgical zinc extraction[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2025, 34(Suppl.1):560-565.
[12]吴星琳.含氟氯氧化锌烟尘的梯级处理工艺试验研究[J].湿法冶金, 2025, 44(1):74-81.WU X L. Cascade treatment process of zinc oxide smelting dust containing fluorine and chlorine[J]. Hydrometallurgy of China, 2025, 44(1):74-81.
[13] ZHENG X Q, ZHANG W G, CAO X J, et al. Efficient defluorination:application of calcium sulfate precipitation method in zinc sulfate solution[J]. ACS Omega, 2025, 10(1):439-448.
[14] JIANG K, PAN X X, ZHAO Z Q, et al. Selective removal of fluorine and chlorine from zinc sulfate solution by predilution and multi-stage nanofiltration process:feasibility and mechanisms[J]. Environmental Progress&Sustainable Energy,2025, 44(4):e70003. DOI:10.1002/ep.70003.
[15] SAR S, SAMUELSSON C, ENGSTR?M F, et al. Experimental study on the dissolution behavior of calcium fluoride[J]. Metals,2020, 10(8):988. DOI:10.3390/met10080988.
基本信息:
DOI：10.20237/j.issn.1007-7545.2025.12.006
中图分类号:X758
引用信息:
[1]赵晨升,秦庆伟,汤海波,等.铜基固废富氧侧吹熔炼烟尘碱浸脱除氟氯试验[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2025(12):55-63.DOI:10.20237/j.issn.1007-7545.2025.12.006.
基金信息:
2024年黄石市揭榜制项目; 中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(2023EGA040); 湖北省重点研发专项(2023BCB144)
2025-07-15
2025
2025-10-20
2025
1
2025-12-02
2025-12-02