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新疆地区高品位菱锰矿资源丰富，但其在硫酸直接浸出过程中存在酸耗高、杂质溶出多等问题，限制了锰的高效提取。以新疆某地高品位菱锰矿为研究对象，采用正交试验优化酸浸工艺(理论耗酸量倍数1.2、浸出温度75℃、时间6 h、液固比8∶1)，在此条件下Mn2+浸出率达83%。进一步考察了葡萄糖、蔗糖、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)等4种典型添加剂的强化作用。结果表明，CTAB作为阳离子表面活性剂，在吨矿添加量为0.7 kg、酸矿比0.65、温度60℃、时间5 h的条件下，锰的浸出率为89%，同时有效抑制Ca2+和Mg2+的溶出。基于不同温度下的动力学拟合，发现CTAB体系下锰的浸出过程符合典型的未反应核收缩模型，活化能为19.04 kJ/mol，属于化学反应与扩散协同控制机制。该研究为高品位菱锰矿的绿色高效提取提供了工艺依据与理论参考。
Abstract：Rhodochrosite is a low-grade manganese ore rich in gangue minerals, and its dissolution efficiency is low due to surface passivation during traditional sulfuric acid leaching. The abundant high-grade rhodochrosite in Xinjiang region is of great development value, but problems such as high acid consumption and massive dissolution of impurities in the direct sulfuric acid leaching process severely restrict the efficient extraction of manganese elements. Therefore, exploring green and efficient leaching processes has become extremely urgent. This study selects high-grade rhodochrosite from a certain area in Xinjiang as the research object, and comprehensively applies theoretical analysis and experimental exploration methods. First, the acid leaching process was optimized through orthogonal tests, and the effects of theoretical acid consumption multiple, leaching temperature, leaching time and liquid-solid ratio on the leaching rate of Mn2+ were systematically studied. The results show that when the theoretical acid consumption multiple is 1.2 times, the leaching temperature is 75 ℃, the time is 6 h, and the liquid-solid ratio is 8∶1, the leaching rate of Mn2+ is 83%. On this basis, four typical additives, namely glucose, sucrose, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB), were further investigated. Through single-factor tests, the effects of different additives at various dosages on the manganese leaching rate and impurity ion dissolution were explored, and their strengthening effects on the leaching process were deeply investigated. The experimental results indicate that CTAB, as a cationic surfactant, exhibites a significant strengthening effect. When the CTAB dosage per ton of ore is 0.7 kilogram, the acid-to-ore ratio is 0.65, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the time is 5 h, the manganese leaching rate is significantly increased to 89%, which is 6 percentage points higher than that of the optimized process without additives. Meanwhile, CTAB can effectively inhibit the dissolution of impurity ions such as Ca2+ and Mg2+, reducing the pressure on subsequent impurity removal processes. Compared with the other three additives, CTAB has obvious advantages in improving the manganese leaching rate and inhibiting impurities. Glucose and sucrose has limited effects on increasing the manganese leaching rate, and although EDTA has a certain effect, it would introduce a new complex system. This study explores a new path for the efficient leaching of high-grade rhodochrosite in Xinjiang through process optimization and additive screening, significantly improving the manganese leaching rate and reducing acid consumption and impurity dissolution. Based on the kinetic fitting at different temperatures, it is found that the leaching process of manganese in CTAB system follows the typical unreacted shrinking core model, and the activation energy is 19.04 kJ/mol, which belongs to the synergistic control mechanism of chemical reaction and diffusion. It provides a technological basis and theoretical reference for the green and efficient extraction of high-grade rhodochrosite.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.20237/j.issn.1007-7545.2025.12.003
中图分类号:TF792
引用信息:
[1]万凌云,张小慧,周新锋,等.新疆高品位菱锰矿浸出工艺研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2025(12):28-37.DOI:10.20237/j.issn.1007-7545.2025.12.003.
基金信息:
新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才培养计划”项目（2023TSYCJC0013）; 新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目（2023A03003-2）; 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目（2022B01040-1）; 江西省科技对口支援项目（20240BDB29003）
2025-12-02
2025-12-02