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退役风电叶片的高效资源化回收是实现风电产业绿色闭环发展的“最后一公里”难题。本文系统梳理了机械法、焚烧法、化学法与热解法4种主流风电叶片复材资源化回收方法的技术特性、研究进展及产品多元化利用路径，总结分析了各类技术的优缺点及重点发展方向。在此基础上，提出了基于原料特性和目标产品的风电叶片复材梯级回收利用策略，以期实现经济和环境综合效益最大化。最后，指出未来应从源头材料设计、回收技术优化和产业协同模式进行系统革新，推动退役风电叶片资源化回收商业化发展，助力风电产业绿色闭环发展。
Abstract：With the large-scale consumption of fossil resources and the increasingly severe global warming issue, wind energy is gradually becoming an important pillar of the energy transition due to its high efficiency, low cost, zero emissions and sustainability. The design lifespan of wind turbine blades is typically around 20 to 25 years. The first peak in the decommissioning of wind turbine blades in China is expected to occur in 2025, and the amount of retired wind turbine blades will reach 2.88 million tons by 2040. Hence, the efficient resource recycling of retired wind turbine blades presents a "last mile" challenge in achieving a green closed-loop development for the wind power industry. The four mainstream recycling methods for retired wind turbine blade composites, including mechanical recycling, combustion recycling, chemical recycling and pyrolysis recycling, were comparatively discussed in this work. The technical characteristics, research progress, and diversified utilization pathways of recycling products of the four mainstream technologies were systematically summarized. The advantages, disadvantages and key development directions for each recycling technology for the retired wind turbine blade composites were further analyzed. The mechanical recycling method achieves low-cost reuse of short fibers through physical crushing, but its products are mostly used in low-value scenarios. The incineration recycling method shows a high degree of product resource utilization, but the product utilization value is low, economic benefits are generally modest, and it is associated with air pollution problems. The chemical recycling method displays significant advantages in preserving fiber material properties and recovering high-value chemicals, but the complexity of the process and solvent toxicity limit its large-scale application. The pyrolysis recycling method, while enabling the synergistic recovery of fiber materials and energy, still faces the major bottleneck of fiber mechanical performance loss. Each of the four mainstream recycling technologies has its strengths and weaknesses, and a single technology is insufficient to independently support the industrial demand for large-scale wind turbine blade recycling. Hence, based on blade composite properties and target recycling products, a cascaded recycling strategy for the retired wind turbine blade composites covering above-mentioned recycling technologies is proposed to achieve the maximization of both economic and environmental benefits. Finally, it is indicated that future efforts should focus on systematic innovation in blade composite material design, recycling technology optimization and industrial collaboration models. This will promote the commercialization of resource recovery for retired wind turbine blades and support the green closed-loop development of the wind power industry.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.20237/j.issn.1007-7545.2026.02.007
中图分类号:F426.61;F713.2;X705
引用信息:
[1]董巍峰,孟维,赵凤伟,等.退役风电叶片复材资源化回收利用研究进展及产业可持续发展思考[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2026(02):330-342.DOI:10.20237/j.issn.1007-7545.2026.02.007.
基金信息:
华能集团科技项目(HNKJ23-H63); 国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3906001)~~
2025-10-27
2025
2025-11-16
2025-11-17
2025
1
2026-02-06
2026-02-06