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粉煤灰浮选得到的精炭具有灰分含量低(Ad=17.85%)、碳含量高(Cd=77.53%)的特点，是活性炭制备的廉价碳源。采用KOH活化法对浮选精炭进行活化，可以得到碘吸附值1 140.78 mg/g、亚甲基蓝吸附值140.00 mg/g、比表面积853.75 m2/g的优质活性炭。最佳的活化条件为：碱炭比3.0、活化温度800℃、活化时间60 min。红外光谱分析、BET比表面分析和扫描电子显微镜分析显示，制备的活性炭中含氧活性基团较多、孔隙发达，特别是2 nm以下的微孔丰富，微孔孔容占比48.30%,活性炭平均孔径2.33 nm。该活性炭对溶液中Cu2+的吸附性能良好，在投加量为2.5 g/L、pH=5.0、吸附温度25℃、吸附平衡时间120 min的条件下，初始浓度分别为50、75、100 mg/L时，Cu2+去除率分别达到99.70%、93.61%、81.67%。吸附机理分析表明，Cu2+在活性炭表面的吸附以化学吸附为主，符合Langmuir单分子层等温吸附模型。本研究为水处理用优质活性炭的低成本制备提供了一条新的技术途径。
Abstract：The refined carbon obtained by fly ash flotation has the characteristics of low ash content(Ad=17.85%)and high carbon content(Cd=77.53%),it is a cheap carbon source for preparation of activated carbon.High quality activated carbon with iodine adsorption value of 1 140.78 mg/g, methylene blue adsorption value of 140.00 mg/g, and specific surface area of 853.75 m2/g can be obtained by activating flotation refined carbon by KOH activation method.The optimum activation conditions include alkali carbon ratio of 3.0,activation temperature of 800 ℃,and activation time of 60 min.The results of infrared spectroscopic analysis, BET specific surface analysis, and scanning electron microscope analysis show that the activated carbon prepared by flotation refined carbon contains many oxygen-containing active groups, the pores are developed, especially the pores below 2 nm are abundant.The micropores pore volume accounts for 48.30%,and the average pore diameter of activated carbon is only 2.33 nm.The activated carbon has good adsorption performance for Cu2+in solution.When the dosage is 2.5 g/L,pH=5.0,adsorption temperature is 25 ℃,adsorption equilibrium time is 120 min, and initial concentration is 50,75,and 100 mg/L respectively, the removal rate of Cu2+can reach 99.70%,93.61% and 81.67% respectively.The adsorption mechanism analysis shows that adsorption of Cu2+on the surface of activated carbon is mainly chemical adsorption, which conforms to the Langmuir monolayer isothermal adsorption model.This study can provide a new technical approach for low-cost preparation of high-quality activated carbon for water treatment.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:X703;TQ424
引用信息:
[1]段旭琴,曹天婧,杨娟,等.粉煤灰浮选精炭制备活性炭吸附溶液中Cu~(2+)[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2022(09):162-172.
基金信息:
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX0730100500303)
2022-08-30
2022-08-30